Guyton Ch 56 Questions REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT
ANSWERS(VERIFIED
ANSWERS)|A+GRADE
Area for Hand Skills - ANSWER-responsible
for coordinated and purposeful hand
movements
anterior to primary motor cortex
damage to area leads to motor apraxia
Motor signals are transmitted from motor
cortex to SC through what? - ANSWER-the
corticospinal tract aka the pyramidal tract
What cells give rise to corticospinal tract? -
ANSWER-pyramidal cell neurons
What areas does the corticospinal tract
originate from? - ANSWER-the primary
motor cortex 30%, premotor cortex,
supplementary motor areas 30%, and
somatosensory areas 40%
Signal transmission Corticospinal
(pyramidal) tract? - ANSWER-nerve fibers
form motor cortex pass through internal
capsule, most decussate in pyramids of
medulla to lateral corticospinal tract and
terminate on anterior motor neuron or
interneurons in cord
few fibers do not cross in pyramids of
medulla and continue in ventral
corticospinal tract
Lateral corticospinal tract function? -
ANSWER-control of limb movement
When are most voluntary movements
initiated? - ANSWER-when the cortex
activates patterns of function stored in
brain stem, basal ganglia, and cerebellum
The motor cortex is functionally divided into
how many subgroups? What are they? -
ANSWER-three
1. primary motor cortex
2. premotor area
3. supplementary motor area
What does the primary motor cortex
control? - ANSWER-execution of patterns of
movement
How much of the primary motor cortex is
concerned with controlling muscles of
hands and muscles of speech? - ANSWERgreater than 50%
Stimulation in the areas of the primary
motor cortex usually do what? - ANSWERcontract a group of muscles
A single motor cortex neuron usually excites
what? - ANSWER-a specific movement
rather than a specific muscle
Topographical organization of the premotor
cortex is cimilar to what? - ANSWER-the
primary motor cortex
What is the premotor area involved in? -
ANSWER-the sensory guidance of
movement, and planning of complex
movements
What does the anterior part of the
premotor area do? - ANSWER-develops a
motor image of total movement to be
performed
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